Choose one of the topics below to research:
1) Dialysis: Explain in detail how dialysis works? How often do people use it and why do they need to?
OR
2) Research how protein membranes are involved in organ transplant rejections. How do they (the doctors) combat this problem?
Dialysis is a treatment that removes wastes and excess fluid from your blood. Dialysis is done with a unique liquid called dialysate. This fluid is a combination of pure water and measured chemicals. It removes wastes from your blood without taking out any of the substances you need to stay healthy. A semi-permeable membrane keeps your blood separate from the dialysate. This lets the wastes and fluid in your blood travel into the dialysate. Blood cells and proteins that you need cannot fit through the holes. The filtered blood is then returned to the patient’s bloodstream and the waste material is disposed (Northwest Kidney Center, June 2013.)
ReplyDeleteDialysis treatment is needed from a few times a week to several times daily, depending on the method prescribed. Hemodialysis requires visits to a clinic three times a week. Daily hemodialysis means more frequent treatment sessions, about six a week, for shorter periods of time. For peritoneal dialysis, which is done at home, draining the fluids is needed from twice a day to several times a day, depending on the technique (Honor Society of Nurses, September 13, 2013.)
The kidney is an extreme sophisticated, waste disposal system that cleans your blood system. The body produces most of this waste as it processes the food that you eat. The question is what happens if it fails? A dialysis machine is used to replace the kidney. The machine has a semipermeable membrane that allows water and waste materials to leave the blood and enter a special dialysis fluid that is on the opposite side of the membrane. The filtered blood is then returned to the patient’s bloodstream and the waste material is disposed. In other words dialysis is needed when the kidney fails (Dialysis Technician, July 2013.)
Sources
• Northwest Kidney Center (June 2013)
http://www.nwkidney.org/dialysis/startingOut/basic/howDialysisWork.html
• Honor Society of Nurses (September 13, 2013)
http://www.sharecare.com/health/dialysis/how-often-i-need-dialysis
• Dialysis Technician
http://www.dialysistechniciansalary.org/how-does-dialysis-work/
Dialysis is the artificial process of removing unnecessary waste by diffusion and unwanted water from a persons blood system (Christian Nordqvist). In simpler words, it is when you need to artificially replace kidneys that are no longer working. Dialysis is one of the only ways to stay alive when kidney failure occurs. The primary purpose of dialysis is to keep your body in equilibrium. Dialysis is needed when you are having kidney failure. It does not cure you completely, but it definitely helps you and makes you healthier.
ReplyDeleteDialysis occurs with a liquid called dialysate. Dialysate is a fluid that is mixed equally with pure water and chemicals. This liquid eliminates all wastes that were in your blood, but it doesn’t take out any proteins or substances that make you healthy. Learning in this past unit with Mrs. Rudolph that cell membranes are semi-permeable, it keeps the dialysate away from your blood, so that wastes and fluids in your blood can travel into the liquid.
There are two types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodiaylsis is used to eliminate waste and other chemicals from your blood. In peritoneal dialysis your blood is immediately cleaned out of your body. Dialysis is a great way to help you stay healthy until you can get a kidney transplant (National Kidney Foundation)
Sources:
1. "Featured Story." The National Kidney Foundation: A to Z Health Guide. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013.
2. Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013.
3. "How Does Dialysis Work?" How Does Dialysis Work? N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2013.
Milagro Cannon
ReplyDeleteScience 9
Blog: Dialysis
Dialysis is the separation of particles in a liquid in the basis of difference in their ability to pass through a membrane. Dialysis is the artificial replacement for lost kidney function (renal replacement therapy). Dialysis may be used for patients who have become ill and have acute kidney failure (temporary loss of kidney function), or for fairly stable patients who have permanently lost kidney function. Dialysis is a treatment that removes wastes and excess fluid from your blood. Like healthy kidneys, dialysis keeps your body in balance. You do not need dialysis in the early stages of chronic kidney disease. Dialysis is done with a unique liquid called dialysate. This fluid is a combination of pure water and carefully measured chemicals. It removes waste from your blood without taking out any of the substances you need to stay healthy. A semi-permeable membrane (having minuscule holes allowing only specific types of particles to pass through keeps your blood separate from the dialysate. This lets the wastes and fluid in your blood travel into the dialysate. Blood cells and proteins that you need cannot fit through the holes.
Patients usually require dialysis when the waste of products in their body become so high that they start to become sick from them. The level of the waste products usually builds up slowly. Doctors measure several blood chemical levels to help decide when dialysis is necessary. The two major blood chemical levels that are measured are the “creatinine level” and the “blood urea nitrogen” (BUN) level. As these two levels rise, they are indicator of the decreasing ability of the kidneys to cleanse the body of waste products. Dialysis may be used for those with an acute disturbance in kidney function (acute kidney injury, previously acute renal failure), or progressive but chronically worsening kidney function a state known as chronic kidney disease.
Sources:
• http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/152902.php (Thursday 31 January 2013)
• http://www.nwkidney.org/dialysis/startingOut/basic/howDialysisWork.html ( September 2012)
• http://www.medicinenet.com/dialysis/page2.htm (December, 2012)
Dialysis is the process people go through in order to remove waste and excessive amounts of water from their blood. Generally, it is used as an artificial replacement for lost kidney function in people that have renal failure. Basically, it is the artificial replacement for lost kidney function. The process of dialysis is done with a liquid called dialysate. Dialysate is a combination of water and various chemicals. Its purpose is to remove waste and excessive amounts of water from your blood without taking out any of the substances you need to stay healthy. Also, a semi-permeable membrane (using minuscule holes allowing to only specific types of particles to pass through) keeps your blood separate from the dialysate. This allows the wastes and fluid in your blood travel into the dialysate. Blood cells and proteins that you need cannot fit through the holes.
ReplyDeletePatients usually require dialysis when the waste products in their body become so high that they start to become sick from them. The level of the waste products slowly builds up. Doctors measure several blood chemical levels to help decide when dialysis is necessary. Without dialysis, people with kidney disease reaches Stage 5 and toxins build up in the body. Without dialysis, people would die within a few weeks if they have kidney issues.
Sources:
(2013, January 31). "What Is Dialysis? What Is Kidney Dialysis?" Medical News Today
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/152902
(12 November 2013). “Dialysis”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialysis
The basic function of the dialysis is to clean the contaminated blood of a human being (MedicinePlus). Kidneys are supposed to clean the blood themselves, but some people have damaged kidneys, which cannot carry out this function (MNT). When kidneys do not do their job as they are supposed to it is in danger that the person can get an excess of fluid in their body that can increase blood pressure and bone or blood problems (Nucleus Medical Media). Doctors study several blood chemicals to help them decide when a patient needs dialysis (MedicineNet). “Creatinine level” and “blood urea nitrogen level” are the two chemical levels that doctors are most careful about. They are the most looked out for because as their level rises it means that the kidneys are loosing their function to clean the blood. There are other ways of finding out if the patient needs dialysis, ways such as the patient complaining from the heart, lungs, or stomach; the patient could be having trouble with taste or sensation in the legs (MedicineNet). There are two types of dialysis: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis is the most common type of dialysis and it is used regularly, it can be done at a center which would take about four hours and happen about 3-4 times a week, also there is now a new type of dialysis which can be taken home used 5-6 days a week for about two hours.
ReplyDeleteTo prepare for hemodialysis the doctor will create a vascular access site in the patient body usually in the arm. One way would be the arteriovenous graft (AV), this way the doctor opens a small incision and connect an artery to a vein by a soft tube called graft. The second way would be arteriovenous fistula, this time instead of using a tube the doctor will connect the artery and vein physically making a larger vessel called fistula. When this process is done and healed the patient will begin the process of hemodialysis and two needles will be injected in the arm. There are different functions for the two needles; one needle will be taking the contaminated blood out and into the dialyzer and the next will be bringing the clean blood out and into the patient again. (Nucleus Medicine Media)
For the peritoneal dialysis the doctor will operate the patient and insert a soft tube called the catheter in the abdomen near the bellybutton. First the abdomen will be filled with dialysate through the catheter. Through the peritoneal membrane waste products and extra fluid are constantly dragged out of the blood. When the blood has been cleaned the dialysate including the waste products are moved out of from the abdomen through the catheter. (Nucleus Medicine Media)
Completely preventing kidney failure is impossible but there are ways that can help avoid it. Eating less salt, high potassium, and high phosphorus food; inheriting more high protein food, and knowing how much fluid you are taking in is important (National Kidney Foundation). Fluid such as coffee, tea, and water are good to measure. Having a healthy, moderate diet with meat, grains, cereals, milk, or fruit can help lower the results of kidney failure.
Sources:
• http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/152902.php
• http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Dialysis.aspx
• http://www.medicinenet.com/dialysis/page2.htm
• http://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/dialysisinfo.cfm
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQKQ4eoKfTg
• http://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/dietary_hemodialysis.cfm
Danny Bassett
ReplyDeleteDialysis
Now days in the the medical world dialysis has become a common treatment for things such as kidney failure. Dialysis means dissolution and is the process of extracting liquids from the human body. Dialysis is usually not used until the end stage of kidney failure, so it is a process only used in the most desperate of situations. A common question about dialysis are how does this process work? Well dialysis is a process based on dissolution. Dissolution happens in water where liquids tend to move to areas of low concentration from areas of high concentration. Using a machine called a dialyzer in the process of hemodialysis removes excess water and wastes from the blood stream. The machine 'filters' the blood in order to get all of this waste out. Dissolution place a large part in this process, without it many people would die. They way that the machine filters through the blood is with a semipermeable membrane. In the machine there are two currents, one of them is the blood and the other is a dialysis solution. They flow in opposite directions and the dialysis solution has a low concentration so it filters out the waste.
Dialysis is a treatment that removes wastes and excess fluid from your blood. It is needed when a kidney can no longer take care of body needs. A major duty of the kidney is to remove the waste products that the body produces throughout the day. As the body functions, the cells use energy. . Dialysis is done with a unique liquid called dialysate. This fluid is a combination of pure water and carefully measured chemicals
ReplyDeleteThe process of the cells creates waste products that must be removed from the body. When these waste products are not removed the right way, they build up in the body. An increase of waste products, as measured in the blood, is called "azotemia” When waste products gather they, cause a sick feeling throughout the body called “uremia”. The kidney has many roles. A fundamental job of the kidney is to control the body's fluid balance. It does this by adjusting the amount of urine that is emitted on a daily basis. On hot days, the body sweats more. Which means, less water needs to be excreted through the kidneys. On cold days, the body sweats less. Therefore, urine production needs to be greater in order to stay at the proper balance within the body.
It is the kidney's job to regulate fluid balance by regulating urine output. When a persons kidneys fail, dialysis keeps the body in balance by removing waste, salt and extra water to prevent them from building up in the body, keeping a safe level of certain chemicals in your blood, such as potassium, sodium and bicarbonate and helping to control blood pressure.
There are two types of dialysis, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis, an artificial kidney is used to remove waste and extra chemicals and fluid from a patient’s blood. To get a patients blood into the artificial kidney, the doctor needs to make an entrance into their blood vessels. This is done by minor surgery to the patient’s arm or leg. Sometimes, an access is made by joining an artery to a vein under the patients skin to make a bigger blood vessel called a fistula. However, if your blood vessels are not adequate for a fistula, the doctor may use a soft plastic tube to join an artery and a vein under your skin. In peritoneal dialysis, your blood is cleaned inside your body. The doctor will do surgery to place a plastic tube called a catheter into your abdomen to make an access. During the treatment, your abdominal area is slowly filled with dialysate through the catheter. The blood stays in the arteries and veins that line your peritoneal cavity. Extra fluid and waste products are drawn out of your blood and into the dialysate. There are two major kinds of peritoneal dialysis. Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis.
A person that goes through dialysis can live a normal life just with a little bit o changes in their usual normal routine. Not all patients die but many do. Dialysis treatment is required from a few times a week to several times daily, depending on the method prescribed. Hemodialysis requires visits three times a week. Daily hemodialysis means more frequent treatment sessions, about six a week, for shorter periods of time. For peritoneal dialysis, draining the fluids is needed from twice a day to several times a day, depending on the method.
http://www.nwkidney.org/dialysis/startingOut/basic/howDialysisWork.html
http://www.medicinenet.com/dialysis/article.htm
http://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/dialysisinfo.cfm